The main differences between energy storage BMS (battery management system) and power BMS are as follows:
- Different application environments: Energy storage BMSs are mainly used in energy storage systems, which usually have larger battery sizes and more stable environmental conditions, such as energy storage power stations. Power BMS is mainly used in power systems such as electric vehicles, which face more complex dynamic conditions and harsh environments during operation.
- Hardware Logic Structure: Energy storage BMS usually adopts a two- or three-layer modular structure to cope with the demands of large-scale battery packs. Power BMS tends to adopt a simpler one-tier centralized or two-tier distributed structure.
- Communication protocols: Energy storage BMSs typically use the CAN protocol to communicate with the internal, and may use the TCP/IP protocol to communicate with external systems. Power BMS also uses CAN protocol, but its communication with the vehicle control system is more detailed.
- Battery type: energy storage systems often choose lithium batteries, such as lithium iron phosphate batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc., because they pay more attention to life and safety. Power systems usually use lithium iron phosphate batteries and lithium ternary batteries, etc., which pay more attention to power output and performance.
- Threshold setting: The energy storage BMS sets the upper limit value of operating current relatively low to prolong battery life, while the power BMS usually refers to the limit parameters of the battery to give full play to the battery performance.
- Number of State Parameters: Power BMS needs to calculate more state parameters, such as SOC, to more accurately monitor the battery state and performance.
- Equalization conditions: Energy storage systems usually require more equalization capability, using passive equalization to ensure the consistency of individual voltages within the battery pack, while battery management for power systems usually does not require such strong equalization capability.
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